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AI Laws in New York, New York
As of 2026-06-17, AI Laws USA tracks 58 AI rules that apply to people and businesses in New York, New York: 10+ federal protections, 28 New York state-level rules, and 20 local New York ordinances. Coverage is strongest on automated decision-making, AI disclosure and transparency, government use of AI, and consumer protection. 30 of these rules are already in effect. Each entry below links to its official source.
New York local AI rules
20 local AI rules specific to New York, New York.
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In effect Stronger protection
NYC AEDT Bias Audit Law (LL 144)
New York City, NY · Effective 2023-01-01 · NYC Local Law 144 of 2021; NYC Admin. Code §§ 20-870 to 20-874
Employers and employment agencies in New York City may not use AI hiring or promotion tools unless the tool has passed an independent bias audit within the past year. Job candidates must be told an automated tool is being used and can request information about the data it relies on.
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In effect Limited protection
NYPD POST Act
New York City, NY · Effective 2020-07-15 · NYC Local Law 65 of 2020, as amended 2025
The POST Act requires the NYPD to publicly disclose what surveillance technologies it uses and publish impact and use policies for each one. 2025 amendments added facial recognition audits, itemized technology inventories, and disclosure of outside entities that receive NYPD surveillance data.
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In effect Stronger protection
NYC Biometric Identifier Law (LL3)
New York City, NY · Effective 2021-07-09 · NYC Admin. Code §§ 22-1201–22-1205 (Local Law 3 of 2021)
NYC retail stores, restaurants, and entertainment venues that collect customers' biometric data (face scans, fingerprints, iris scans, voiceprints) must post clear signs at entrances disclosing it. Selling or otherwise profiting from customers' biometric data is flatly banned. Customers can sue: $500 per signage or negligent-sale violation and $5,000 per intentional or reckless sale, plus attorneys' fees.
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In effect Moderate protection
NYC Algorithmic Tools Reporting (LL35)
New York City, NY · Effective 2022-01-15 · NYC Admin. Code § 3-119.5 (Local Law 35 of 2022)
Every NYC agency must publicly report, each year, every algorithmic tool it used to make or assist decisions that materially affect the public's rights, benefits, or access to services. Reports must describe each tool's purpose, the data it uses, and any vendor involvement, and are published as an open dataset.
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In effect Limited protection
NYC AI Action Plan
New York City, NY · Enacted 2023-10-16 · NYC OTI, AI Action Plan (Oct. 2023)
NYC's AI Action Plan is the city's roadmap for responsible government AI use, with 37 action items covering AI principles, agency guidance, procurement standards, risk assessment, and public engagement. It is policy guidance from the mayor's Office of Technology and Innovation rather than binding law; annual progress reports have followed.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC GUARD Act (Gov't AI Accountability)
New York City, NY · NYC Council Int. Nos. 199-A, 926-A, 1024-A (GUARD Act, passed Nov. 25, 2025)
The NYC City Council unanimously passed three bills on November 25, 2025 known as the GUARD Act (Guaranteeing Unbiased AI Regulation and Disclosure), creating independent oversight of city government AI use. The package creates an independent Office of Algorithmic Data Accountability, sets mandatory fairness-testing and transparency standards for all agency AI tools, and requires a public registry of every AI system that has undergone a pre-deployment assessment. Whether Mayor Adams signed, vetoed, or allowed the bills to lapse into law has not been independently confirmed.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC AI Oversight Office Bill
New York City, NY · N.Y.C. Council Int. No. 0919-2026 (pending)
A pending New York City Council bill would write an office of artificial intelligence oversight into the City Charter and Administrative Code, building on the city's 2025 GUARD Act package on algorithmic accountability for city agencies. Awaiting committee action.
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Repealed / replaced Unknown
NYC LL144 (original draft)
New York City, NY · NYC Int. 1894-2020 (original) — narrowed before enactment as Local Law 144 of 2021
NYC's original Int. 1894-2020 draft was substantially broader than the enacted Local Law 144. The narrowed final version went into effect July 5, 2023 and is the most-cited city AI law globally — original-vs-enacted scope shift is studied widely.
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In effect Limited protection
NYC Public Schools Guidance on AI
New York, NY · Effective 2025-09-01 · NYC Public Schools Guidance on AI (2025-09-01)
NYC DOE districtwide guidance lists never-allowed uses, then conditional uses with safeguards. Staff barred from entering PII or sensitive info into GenAI tools not approved through ERMA review.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC Int 1003-2024
New York, NY · NYC Int 1003-2024
NYC Int 1003-2024 would amend the admin code to create an AI working group at the Commission on Human Rights to study AI's impact on employment and AEDT effects on protected classes — complementing Local Law 144.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC Int 1196-2025
New York, NY · NYC Int 1196-2025
NYC Int 1196-2025 imposes additional requirements on city agencies' use of AI tools, supplementing the November 2025 GUARD Act package; part of an expanding agency-level AI transparency series.
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In effect Limited protection
NYC LL 60 (delivery robots)
New York City · Effective 2024-01-01 · N.Y.C. Admin. Code § 19-176.4; Local Law 60 of 2023
New York City authorized a pilot framework for sidewalk delivery robots ('motorized assistive devices'), giving DOT rulemaking authority over speed, weight, sidewalk vs. bike-lane use, and operator registration. The DOT pilot launched in 2024 with explicit weight caps (550 lb) and 12 mph maximum speed.
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In effect Moderate protection
NYC Biometric Identifier Law
New York City, NY · Effective 2021-07-09 · N.Y.C. Local Law No. 3 (2021), codified at N.Y.C. Admin. Code tit. 22, ch. 12
New York City requires commercial establishments such as stores, restaurants, and entertainment venues to post conspicuous signs when they collect biometric data from customers, and bans selling or sharing that data. Customers can sue for violations.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC GUARD Act (proposed)
New York City, NY · N.Y.C. Council Int. No. 1894-2020 (proposed)
A proposed New York City Council bill that would require city agencies to publish a public inventory of any algorithmic or automated decision systems they use, with impact assessments and ongoing oversight by a chief algorithm officer.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC Agency AI Disclosure (proposed)
New York City, NY · N.Y.C. Council Int. No. 0146-2024 (proposed)
Proposed NYC bill requiring city agencies to disclose, in writing or on public-facing pages, when they use artificial intelligence tools to interact with residents or make decisions affecting them.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC GenAI Pilot Reporting (proposed)
New York City, NY · N.Y.C. Council Int. No. 1024-2024 (proposed)
Proposed NYC bill that would require the Office of Technology and Innovation to publish annual reports listing every generative AI pilot run by a city agency, including vendor, cost, performance, and any complaints.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC AI Housing Bias Audit (proposed)
New York City, NY · N.Y.C. Council Int. No. 0144-2024 (proposed)
Proposed New York City Council bill that would extend bias-audit requirements similar to Local Law 144 to automated decision systems used in housing rental and purchase decisions.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC Election Deepfake Bill (proposed)
New York City, NY · N.Y.C. Council Int. No. 0540-2024 (proposed)
Proposed New York City Council bill that would prohibit knowingly distributing materially deceptive synthetic media depicting candidates in NYC elections within a defined window before the election.
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In effect Moderate protection
NYC EO 3 / Citywide AI Policy
New York City, NY · Effective 2024-01-04 · N.Y.C. Exec. Order No. 3 (Jan. 4, 2024)
Mayoral executive order establishing the city's AI Steering Committee and requiring NYC agencies to follow the Citywide AI Use Policy when adopting AI tools, including risk classification and disclosure requirements.
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Proposed / pending Proposed or pending
NYC ADS Benefits Disclosure (proposed)
New York City, NY · N.Y.C. Council Int. No. 0926-2024 (proposed)
Proposed NYC bill requiring city agencies that use automated decision systems to determine eligibility for public benefits to disclose that use, explain the decision, and offer a human appeal.
New York-level AI rules most relevant to New York
28 New York state rules apply to residents and businesses in New York. Showing the 8 most relevant to New York's local picture; 20 more are on the New York jurisdiction page.
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In effect Limited protection
NY Bar AI Report
NY · Effective 2024-04-06 · NYSBA AI Task Force Report (Apr. 6, 2024)
The New York State Bar adopted recommendations on AI in legal practice covering competence, confidentiality, supervision, candor to the court, and advertising — explicitly noting that 'hallucination' sanctions in Mata v. Avianca apply to all New York lawyers using AI.
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In effect Limited protection
NY AV testing pilot
New York · Effective 2017-04-10 · N.Y. Veh. & Traf. Law § 1226; Part FF, Ch. 55, Laws of 2017
New York requires AV operators to obtain DMV pilot-program authorization, maintain a licensed human safety driver behind the wheel, post a $5 million insurance bond, and coordinate with State Police for each test deployment. New York remains one of the most restrictive states — fully driverless operation is not authorized as of 2026.
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Enacted (not yet in effect) Limited protection
RAISE Act
New York · Effective 2027-01-01 · RAISE Act, S6953B/A6453B (N.Y. 2025), as amended 2026
New York's frontier AI safety law requires the largest AI developers to publish safety protocols and report serious safety incidents to the state within 72 hours. It creates a new AI oversight office and carries penalties up to $3 million for repeat violations, starting January 1, 2027.
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In effect Limited protection
New York A433 (state agencies must list AI employment tools)
New York · Effective 2025-07-01 · N.Y. State Technology Law / Civil Service Law; L. 2025, ch. 96 (A433)
Any New York State agency that uses an automated tool to help make employment decisions must publicly list those tools, and the state's IT office must keep a public inventory of state-agency AI systems that affect the public. The law also protects state workers' existing collective-bargaining rights and bars using AI to displace them.
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In effect Limited protection
New York S8831 (shields public employees from AI displacement)
New York · Effective 2026-02-13 · N.Y. S8831 (2025)
This law amends New York's education, state technology, and civil service laws to protect public employees from harms caused by artificial intelligence systems. It guards against AI being used in ways that would impair workers' collective-bargaining rights, lead to their discharge or displacement, transfer their job duties to an AI system, or cut their hours, wages, or benefits.
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In effect Moderate protection
New York LOADinG Act (oversight of state-agency automated decisions)
New York · Effective 2024-12-21 · N.Y. State Technology Law (LOADinG Act); L. 2024, ch. 674 (S7543B)
State agencies in New York must publicly list the automated decision-making tools they use, run and publish impact assessments on them, and keep meaningful human review for tools that hand out public benefits or affect people's rights, safety, or welfare. Agencies also cannot use automated systems to make internal employment decisions that would lay off or displace staff.
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Expired Unknown
NY S3971B (2019, AI study commission, died)
NY · N.Y. S3971B (2019-20 Reg. Sess.) — died in Assembly
New York S3971B (Savino, 2019) would have created a temporary state commission to study AI regulation across New York agencies. Died in the Assembly Governmental Operations committee — but the commission framework became the model for later state AI task force statutes nationwide.
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In effect Limited protection
New York Algorithmic Pricing Disclosure Act (personalized prices need a label)
New York · Effective 2025-11-10 · N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law 349-A (art. 22-A)
If a business sets the price of a product or service using an algorithm that draws on your personal data, and then shows that personalized price to you as a New York consumer, it has to tell you so with the notice: 'THIS PRICE WAS SET BY AN ALGORITHM USING YOUR PERSONAL DATA.' The goal is to make personalized 'surveillance pricing' visible rather than hidden. The Attorney General enforces the rule and can seek up to $1,000 per violation after a cease-and-desist notice.
Federal AI rules that apply in New York, New York
These federal protections apply everywhere in the United States, including New York, New York. Showing the 10 strongest and most recent.
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In effect Stronger protection
Bartz v. Anthropic
N.D. Cal. · Effective 2025-09-05 · Bartz v. Anthropic PBC, No. 3:24-cv-05417 (N.D. Cal.)
Authors Andrea Bartz, Charles Graeber, and Kirk Wallace Johnson sued Anthropic over its use of pirated-book datasets to train Claude. In June 2025 Judge William Alsup issued a split ruling: training on lawfully purchased books was fair use, but ingesting pirated copies from LibGen was not. In September 2025 Anthropic agreed to a $1.5 billion class settlement — the largest AI copyright recovery to date.
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In effect Stronger protection
Banner v. Tesla (Autopilot)
S.D. Fla. · Effective 2025-08-01 · Banner v. Tesla, Inc., No. 1:21-cv-21940 (S.D. Fla. Aug. 1, 2025)
A Florida federal jury found Tesla 33% liable in August 2025 for the 2019 death of Naibel Benavides Leon, in a crash involving Autopilot. The verdict awarded $243M (later reduced to ~$220M) — the first Autopilot wrongful-death verdict against Tesla.
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In effect Stronger protection
COPPA + 2025 Rule (childrens data)
United States · Effective 2025-06-23 · 15 U.S.C. §§ 6501–6506; 16 C.F.R. Part 312
COPPA requires online services aimed at children under 13 to get verifiable parental consent before collecting kids' personal data. The 2025 rule update — fully in effect since April 22, 2026 — adds biometric identifiers (like face templates and voiceprints, which matter for AI tools), requires separate parental consent before sharing children's data for targeted advertising, and tightens data retention limits.
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In effect Stronger protection
TAKE IT DOWN Act
United States · Effective 2025-05-19 · Pub. L. No. 119-12 (S. 146)
Makes it a federal crime to knowingly publish intimate images of someone without consent, including AI-generated deepfakes. Social media and similar platforms must give victims a way to request removal and must take the content (and known copies) down within 48 hours. The platform removal requirement became enforceable May 19, 2026, and the FTC has already begun enforcement.
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In effect Stronger protection
Thaler v. Perlmutter (Copyright)
D.C. Cir. · Effective 2025-03-18 · Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025)
The companion copyright case: Stephen Thaler sought to register a copyright with 'Creativity Machine' (his AI) as the author. The D.C. Circuit affirmed in March 2025 that the Copyright Act's human-authorship requirement is constitutional and dispositive. AI cannot be a copyright author under U.S. law.
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In effect Stronger protection
Thomson Reuters v. Ross
D. Del. · Effective 2025-02-11 · Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence, Inc., 694 F. Supp. 3d 467 (D. Del. 2025)
Thomson Reuters sued legal-research startup Ross Intelligence in 2020 for copying Westlaw headnotes to train a competing AI legal-research tool. In February 2025, Judge Stephanos Bibas (sitting by designation) granted summary judgment to Thomson Reuters on direct copyright infringement and rejected Ross's fair-use defense — the first definitive U.S. ruling on AI-training fair use. The 2023 jury trial verdict had been deadlocked; the 2025 ruling resolved liability.
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In effect Stronger protection
Louis v. SafeRent
D. Mass. · Effective 2024-11-20 · Louis v. SafeRent Solutions, LLC, No. 1:22-cv-10800 (D. Mass.)
SafeRent agreed in November 2024 to a $2.275M settlement and a five-year ban on using its 'SafeRent Score' for housing-voucher applicants, after a class action alleged its AI tenant-screening tool systematically denied housing to Black and Hispanic Section 8 voucher holders. The first major AI tenant-screening Fair Housing Act settlement.
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In effect Stronger protection
NetChoice v. Yost (Ohio)
S.D. Ohio · Effective 2024-04-30 · NetChoice, LLC v. Yost, No. 2:24-cv-00047 (S.D. Ohio Apr. 30, 2024)
Ohio's Social Media Parental Notification Act — requiring parental consent for minors' social-media use, including algorithmic feeds — was permanently enjoined as unconstitutional in April 2024.
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In effect Stronger protection
FTC Impersonation Rule (AI)
United States · Effective 2024-04-01 · 16 C.F.R. Part 461; 89 Fed. Reg. 15017
The FTC's Impersonation Rule lets the agency directly sue scammers who pretend to be a government agency or a real business — including those who use AI-cloned voices or generated images to do so. Civil penalties can reach $53,088 per violation. The FTC also issued a supplemental notice in February 2024 proposing to extend the rule to all individual impersonation.
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In effect Stronger protection
TCPA (AI voice calls)
United States · Effective 2024-02-08 · 47 U.S.C. § 227; FCC 24-17
Robocalls using AI-cloned or AI-generated voices are treated like other 'artificial voice' calls: callers need your prior express consent, must identify themselves, and must offer opt-outs for telemarketing. You can personally sue violators for $500 to $1,500 per illegal call.
Frequently asked questions about AI laws in New York, New York
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This page is generated from our open civic dataset. If you know of a New York ordinance, county rule, or local enforcement action we should add, email [email protected] or submit a correction. Every entry must include a verifiable source.