North Dakota Sexually Expressive Deepfake Law (HB 1351, 2025)
North Dakota · 2025 ND HB 1351; NDCC §§ 12.1-27.1-01(13), -03.3
North Dakota makes it a Class A misdemeanor to create, possess, or distribute nonconsensual sexually explicit deepfakes — including computer-generated intimate imagery. Victims can sue for up to $10,000 in statutory damages plus any profits the offender made.
Technical detail
2025 ND HB 1351, amending NDCC §§ 12.1-27.1-01(13) and 12.1-27.1-03.3; Class A misdemeanor; civil remedy up to $10,000 statutory damages plus disgorgement; effective Aug. 1, 2025.
Who is protected: Identifiable individuals depicted in nonconsensual explicit deepfakes
Who must comply: Anyone who creates, possesses, or distributes such deepfakes in North Dakota
Key facts
| Jurisdiction | North Dakota |
|---|---|
| Level | State |
| Status | In effect |
| Protection strength | Limited protection |
| Effective date | 2025-08-01 |
| Enacted | 2025-04-23 |
| Citation | 2025 ND HB 1351; NDCC §§ 12.1-27.1-01(13), -03.3 |
| Enforced by | North Dakota state prosecutors; private plaintiffs |
| Private right of action | Yes — individuals can sue |
| Penalties | Class A misdemeanor; civil statutory damages up to $10,000 plus disgorgement |
| Topics | non-consensual intimate imagery · deepfakes · AI-generated images |
| Last verified | 2026-06-12 |
| Official source | HB 1351 — North Dakota Legislative Branch ↗ |
More AI rules in North Dakota
- ND HB 1613 (drone evidence limits extended to robots; no armed police robots) · In effect
- ND 12.1-17-07 (using a robot/AI to harass is a crime) · In effect
- ND 12.1-17-07.1 (stalking via robot/AI, e.g. tracking, is a crime) · In effect
- ND HB 1167 (political ads using AI to impersonate must say so) · In effect
- ND HB 1386 (CSAM laws cover computer-generated/AI images of minors) · In effect
Related non-consensual intimate imagery rules elsewhere
- TAKE IT DOWN Act · In effect
- DEFIANCE Act (deepfake-porn civil suits) · Proposed / pending
- AB 602 (Deepfake Intimate Images) · In effect
- Michigan Intimate Deep Fakes Act · In effect
- Ohio AI Fabricated Sexual Images Law · In effect
- NJ Deceptive AI Deepfakes Act · In effect
See something wrong or out of date? Submit a correction — every entry must carry a verifiable official source.